In this study, two natural phenolic polyamines, kukoamine A and B, were comparatively investigated for their antioxidant and cytoprotective effects in Fenton-damaged bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs). When compared with kukoamine B, kukoamine A consistently demonstrated higher IC50 values in PTIO•-scavenging (pH 7.4), Cu2+-reducing, DPPH•-scavenging, •O2−-scavenging, and •OH-scavenging assays. However, in the PTIO•-scavenging assay, the IC50 values of each kukoamine varied with pH value. In the Fe2+-chelating assay, kukoamine B presented greater UV-Vis absorption and darker color than kukoamine A. In the HPLC–ESI–MS/MS analysis, kukoamine A with DPPH• produced radical-adduct-formation (RAF) peaks (m/z 922 and 713). The 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl (MTT) assay suggested that both kukoamines concentration-dependently increased the viabilities of Fenton-damaged bmMSCs at 56.5–188.4 μM. However, kukoamine A showed lower viability percentages than kukoamine B. In conclusion, the two isomers kukoamine A and B can protect bmMSCs from Fenton-induced damage, possibly through direct or indirect antioxidant pathways, including electron-transfer, proton-transfer, hydrogen atom transfer, RAF, and Fe2+-chelating. Since kukoamine B possesses higher potentials than kukoamine A in these pathways, kukoamine B is thus superior to kukoamine A in terms of cytoprotection. These differences can ultimately be attributed to positional isomeric effects.
Last. Yirong Mo(WMU: Western Michigan University)H-Index: 47
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Abstract Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) broadly exists in chemical and biological processes and can be intuitively described in terms of diabatic (resonance) states. The conventional molecular orbital (MO) based methods, however, have the difficulty in rationally defining diabatic states which are strictly electron-localized. Here we used the block-localized wavefunction (BLW) method, which is the simplest variant of valence bond (VB) theory, to define four major diabatic states and com...
Last. Bernardo A. Iglesias(UFSM: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria)H-Index: 11
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The design of new photosensitizers (PS) with improved properties is essential for the development of photodynamic therapy as an alternative therapeutic method. The conjugation of porphyrins, well known PS, with platinum(II) complexes, potent anticancer agents, may achieve new compounds with synergistic treatment effects and no side-effects. In this study, we synthesized para and meta isomers of free-base meso-tetra(pyridyl)porphyrins complexed to [PtCl(bipy)]+ units, and investigated their photo...
Last. Rong-Cai Lai(Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University)H-Index: 3
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Among the multiple components of propolis, flavonoids contribute greatly to the antioxidant activities of propolis. Flavonoids mainly exist in the form of sugar-conjugated derivatives. Quercetin glycosides represent the predominant flavonoid fraction in propolis. In this work, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were applied to analyze the antioxidative properties of quercetin and its glucosides in the gas and in the liquid phase (ethanol, water). Three main antioxidant mechanisms, hydr...
#1Xican Li(Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine)H-Index: 2
Current in vitro antioxidant assays have several limitations, which frequently cause inconsistent results. The study develops a new antioxidant assay using the 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide radical (PTIO•). After the investigation of various factors, the experimental protocol was briefly recommended as follows: PTIO• and the sample solution were added to phosphate buffer (pH 7.4, 50 mM), incubated at 37 °C for 2 h, and then spectrophotometrically measured at 557 nm. The ...
Abstract Kukoamine A (KuA) is a bioactive compound, which is known for a hypotensive effect. Recent studies have shown that KuA has anti-oxidative effect and anti-apoptosis stress in vitro . However, its neuroprotective effect in rats with cerebral ischemia is still unclear. In the study, we investigated whether KuA could attenuate cerebral ischemia induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) in rats. Results revealed that KuA could significantly reduce infarct volume both pre-...
Last. Zoran Marković(State University of Novi Pazar)H-Index: 22
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The importance of molecules with antiradical potency that are produced in the human body has significantly increased. Among others, neurotransmitters and their metabolites act as the first line of defense against oxidative stress in the peripheral endocrine and the central nervous systems. Dopamine (DO), epinephrine (EP), norepinephrine (NE), L-DOPA, catechol, and three metabolites of dopamine (3-methoxytyramine (3-MT), homovanillic acid (HO), and 3,4-dihydrophenylacetic acid (DOPAC)) were inves...
#1Tingting Wang(Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine)H-Index: 13
#2Xican Li(Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine)H-Index: 19
Last. Dongfeng Chen(Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine)H-Index: 22
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As the main bioactive component of Chinese herbal medicine Danshen, salvianolic acid B (Sal B, or lithospermic acid B) was observed to maintain the viability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) treated by Fenton's reagent in the study. Interestingly, at a higher concentration, Sal B could even increase the viability rate to 175.1%. In mechanistic analysis experiments, Sal B was found to resist DNA destruction by •OH radical, scavenge various radicals in vitro, reduce Cu2+ → Cu+, chelate Fe2+ to yie...
#1Xican Li(Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine)H-Index: 19
#2Qian Jiang(Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine)H-Index: 6
Last. Dongfeng Chen(Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine)H-Index: 22
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The role of the 6″-OH (ω-OH) group in the antioxidant activity of flavonoid glycosides has been largely overlooked. Herein, we selected quercitrin (quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside) and isoquercitrin (quercetin-3-O-glucoside) as model compounds to investigate the role of the 6″-OH group in several antioxidant pathways, including Fe2+-binding, hydrogen-donating (H-donating), and electron-transfer (ET). The results revealed that quercitrin and isoquercitrin both exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant activi...
#1Ryan A. Denu(UW: University of Wisconsin-Madison)H-Index: 10
#2Peiman Hematti(UW: University of Wisconsin-Madison)H-Index: 38
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells present in most fetal and adult tissues. Ex vivo culture-expanded MSCs are being investigated for tissue repair and immune modulation, but their full clinical potential is far from realization. Here we review the role of oxidative stress in MSC biology, as their longevity and functions are affected by oxidative stress. In general, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibit MSC proliferation, increase senescence, enhance adipog...
Last. Qingchun Zhao(SPU: Shenyang Pharmaceutical University)H-Index: 2
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Radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI) is a prominent side effect of radiotherapy for cranial tumors. Kukoamine A (KuA) has the ability of anti-oxidative stress and anti-apoptosis in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate whether KuA would prevent the detrimental effect of ionizing radiation on hippocampal neurons. For this study, male Wistar rats were received either sham irradiation or whole brain irradiation (30 Gy single dose of X-rays) followed by the immediate injection of either K...
The search for a safe and effective inhibitor of ferroptosis, a recently described cell death pathway, has attracted increasing interest from scientists. Two hydrolyzable tannins, chebulagic acid and chebulinic acid, were selected for the study. Their optimized conformations were calculated using computational chemistry at the B3LYP-D3(BJ)/6-31G and B3LYP-D3(BJ)/6-311 + G(d,p) levels. The results suggested that (1) chebulagic acid presented a chair conformation, while chebulinic acid presented a...
Abstract null null Chronic high-glucose levels induce the generation of reactive oxygen species leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, which is one of the pathological triggers in the development of diabetes. This study investigated the alkaloid composition of two fruits of the genus Solanum, fruta-do-lobo (Solanum lycocarpum) and jua-acu (Solanum oocarpum), and their capacity to protect against oxidative damage and defective insulin secretion induced by chronic high-glucose levels. LC-MS and mol...
Last. Leah M. Ferrucci(NIH: National Institutes of Health)H-Index: 24
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of levels of urinary total polyphenols considered as a proxy measure of polyphenol intake, with longitudinal changes of bone properties, in the InCHIANTI study. Dietary intake of polyphenols appears to be associated with future accelerated deterioration of bone health. Polyphenols, micronutrients ingested through plant-based foods, have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and may contribute to osteoporosis prevention. We evaluated as...
Abstract Hexavalent chromium toxicity remains an indispensible toxicity to bioremediation. It has environmental and health impact in areas of hexavalent chromium discharges. This persistent problem associated with hexavalent chromium toxicity had led to employment of both physical and chemical means of control, which suffers major drawbacks. These drawbacks include; incomplete metal removal, high energy requirement, high reagent consumption and high cost of implementation. Bioremediation via bio...
Abstract The chemical reaction involving phenolic antioxidants from plant´ extracts have not been adequately studied. In this study, we investigate a quick, accurate, and innovative strategy to elucidate the ferulic acid reaction employing a conclusive analytical tool (ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry, UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS) used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, and biomedical applications. The ...
Last. Romain Larbat(University of Lorraine)H-Index: 19
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Phenolamides constitute a family of metabolites, widely represented in the plant kingdom, that can be found in all plant organs with a predominance in flowers and pollen grains. They represent a large and structurally diverse family, resulting from the association of phenolic acids with aliphatic or aromatic amines. Initially revealed as active compounds in several medicinal plant extracts, phenolamides have been extensively studied for their health-promoting and pharmacological properties. Inde...
#1Weixin Wang(A&T: North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University)H-Index: 2
#2Hunter David Snooks(A&T: North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University)H-Index: 2
Last. Shengmin Sang(A&T: North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University)H-Index: 68
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Phenolamides, also known as hydroxycinnamic acid amides or phenylamides, have been reported throughout the plant kingdom, while a few of these amine-conjugated hydroxycinnamic acids are unique in f...
#1Quan Zhao(Kunming University of Science and Technology)H-Index: 3
#2Linhai Li(Kunming University of Science and Technology)H-Index: 5
Last. Kunmei Gong(Kunming University of Science and Technology)H-Index: 5
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Background Obesity is characterized by excessive body fat, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, which increases the chances of developing chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, some types of cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. Kukoamine B (Kuk B) is a spermine alkaloid obtained from Lycium chinense, and it has been shown to possess antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we evaluated ...
Density functional theory was employed to highlight the antioxidant working mechanism of higenamine in aqueous and lipid-like environments. Different reaction mechanisms were considered for the reaction of higenamine with the •OOH radical. The pH values and the molar fraction at physiological pH were determined in aqueous solution. The results show that the preferred reaction mechanism was the hydrogen atom transfer from the catecholic ring. The computed kinetic constants revealed that, in order...
#1Jie Liu(Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine)H-Index: 3
#2Xican Li(Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine)H-Index: 19
Last. Dongfeng Chen(Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine)H-Index: 22
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To elucidate the mechanism of anti-ferroptosis and examine structural optimization in natural phenolics, cellular and chemical assays were performed with 2′-hydroxy chalcone butein and dihydroflavone (S)-butin. C11-BODIPY staining and flow cytometric assays suggest that butein more effectively inhibits ferroptosis in erastin-treated bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells than (S)-butin. Butein also exhibited higher antioxidant percentages than (S)-butin in five antioxidant assays: linoleic a...