Investigation of B-site doped perovskites Sr 2 Fe 1.4 X 0.1 Mo 0.5 O 6-δ (X=Bi, Al, Mg) as high-performance anodes for hybrid direct carbon fuel cell

B-site substituted Sr2Fe1.4X0.1Mo0.5O6-δ (SFXM, X = Bi, Al and Mg) are evaluated as anode materials for hybrid direct carbon fuel cells (HDCFCs). The structure, morphology, conductivity and catalytic activity of the as-prepared SFXM anode are systematically investigated. Under a reducing atmosphere, the exsolution of metallic Fe from the SFXM perovskite lattice are demonstrated by the XRD, SEM and TEM observations. Further element valence...