Effects of superimposed hydrostatic pressure on necking and fracture of tube under hydroforming

The finite element method is used to numerically simulate necking and fracture in hydroforming tubes under internal pressure through using the GTN model. The effect of superimposed hydrostatic pressure on necking (both uniform stain and localized necking), fracture initiation and fracture surface formation are studied. It is found that the superimposed hydrostatic pressure has a great impact on the onset of fracture with the increase of...