Active surveillance in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma: a prospective, phase 2 trial

A subset of patients with metastatic renal-cell carcinoma show indolent growth of metastases. Because of the toxicity and non-curative nature of systemic therapy, some of these patients could benefit from initial active surveillance. We aimed to characterise the time to initiation of systemic therapy in patients with metastatic renal-cell carcinoma under active surveillance.In this prospective phase 2 trial, we enrolled patients with...