MiR-200c suppresses TGF-β signaling and counteracts trastuzumab resistance and metastasis by targeting ZNF217 and ZEB1 in breast cancer

Resistance to trastuzumab and concomitantly distal metastasis are leading causes of mortality in HER2-positive breast cancers, the molecular basis of which remains largely unknown. Here, we generated trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer cells with increased tumorigenicity and invasiveness compared with parental cells, and observed robust epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and consistently elevated TGF-β signaling in these cells. MiR-200c,...