Background: The introduction of the new simultaneous PET/MRI scanner opens new opportunities in functional imaging. Sources of data: This article is based on the literature review and our personal experience of the first simultaneous PET/MRI scanner in the UK. Areas of agreement: PET/CT is well established and a key component of management guidance in a range of diseases. MRI has superior soft tissue resolution, which is useful in the evaluation of many diseases. Areas of controversy: There are currently no guidelines regarding clinical use of PET/MRI, and those centres with a PET/MRI facility are undertaking research to look for a 'key application'. Growing points and areas timely for developing research: This review briefly describes some of the technical advances, present comparisons with the diagnostic performance of current imaging modalities (PET/CT and MRI) and identifies potential indications and research directions.
#2Rizwan Syed(UCLH: University College Hospital)H-Index: 12
Last. Jamshed Bomanji(UCLH: University College Hospital)H-Index: 52
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The aim of this study was to prospectively compare whole-body PET/MR imaging and PET/CT, qualitatively and quantitatively, in oncologic patients and assess the confidence and degree of inter- and intraobserver agreement in anatomic lesion localization. Methods: Fifty patients referred for staging with known cancers underwent PET/CT with low-dose CT for attenuation correction immediately followed by PET/MR imaging with 2-point Dixon attenuation correction. PET/CT scans were obtained according to ...
We investigated if 18F-FDG PET/CT, DW-MRI, and DCE-MRI are able to predict preoperative chemoradiation therapy (CRT) response in patients with T3-4 rectal adenocarcinomas. MRI and PET/CT scans were performed within 1 week, at baseline, early midtreatment (2 weeks of CRT), and posttreatment (6 weeks after completing CRT). Responders (n = 4) and nonresponders (n = 4) were defined according to tumor regression grade by histology. Only SUVmax (P = 0.030) at early midtreatment could significantly dif...
Use of PET/MR in children has not previously been reported, to the best of our knowledge. Children with systemic malignancies may benefit from the reduced radiation exposure offered by PET/MR. We report our initial experience with PET/MR hybrid imaging and our current established sequence protocol after 21 PET/MR studies in 15 children with multifocal malignant diseases. The effective dose of a PET/MR scan was only about 20% that of the equivalent PET/CT examination. Simultaneous acquisition of ...
PET and MRI provide complementary information in the study of the human brain. Simultaneous PET/MRI data acquisition allows the spatial and temporal correlation of the measured signals, creating opportunities impossible to realize using stand-alone instruments. This paper reviews the methodologic improvements and potential neurologic and psychiatric applications of this novel technology. We first present methods for improving the performance and information content of each modality by using the ...
Abstract In oncology, staging forms the basis for prognostic consideration and directly influences patient care by determining the therapeutic approach. Cross-sectional imaging techniques, especially when combined with PET information, play an important role in cancer staging. With the recent introduction of integrated whole-body PET/MRI into clinical practice, a novel metabolic-anatomic imaging technique is now available. PET/MRI seems to be highly accurate in T-staging of tumor entities for wh...
Despite recent advances in diagnosis, treatment, and guideline-based management, cardiovascular disease remains the number one cause of death in the United States. Consequently, there is a strong impetus for shifting from late-stage diagnosis and in-hospital care to detection of subclinical disease and prevention. Molecular imaging is positioned to play a key role in this transition by addressing challenges such as identification of vulnerable plaque and assessment of post-infarction ventricular...
Imaging that can detect pathophysiologic change in the brain holds great promise for diagnostic assessment of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and dementia. Although a previous metaanalysis centering on literature from 1990 to 2000 showed a summary accuracy of 86% for (18)F-FDG PET for AD diagnosis, the clinical value was considered uncertain because of methodologic shortcomings. Review of the recent literature since 2000 demonstrates that the evidence for (18)F-FDG PET in assessment of deme...
Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease of the brain associated with irreversible cognitive decline, memory impairment, and behavioral changes. Postmortem brains of AD patients reveal neuropathologic features, in particular the presence of senile plaques (SPs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which contain β-amyloid peptides and highly phosphorylated tau proteins. Currently, AD can only be definitively confirmed by postmortem histopathologic examination of SPs and NFT...
Neuroimaging plays a significant role in the diagnosis of intracranial tumors, especially brain gliomas, and must consist of an assessment of location and extent of the tumor and of its biologic activity. Therefore, morphologic imaging modalities and functional, metabolic, or molecular imaging modalities should be combined for primary diagnosis and for following the course and evaluating therapeutic effects. MRI is the gold standard for providing detailed morphologic information and can supply s...
Last. Joseph C. Wu(Stanford University)H-Index: 123
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Stem cell therapy promises to open exciting new options in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Although feasible and clinically safe, the in vivo behavior and integration of stem cell transplants still remain largely unknown. Thus, the development of innovative non-invasive imaging techniques capable of effectively tracking such therapy in vivo is vital for a more in-depth investigation into future clinical applications. Such imaging modalities will not only generate further insight into t...
Last. Hong Zhang(ZJU: Zhejiang University)H-Index: 20
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Systematic imaging can be broadly defined as the systematic identification and characterization of biological processes at multiple scales and levels. In contrast to "classical" diagnostic imaging, systematic imaging emphasizes on detecting the overall abnormalities including molecular, functional, and structural alterations occurring during disease course in a systematic manner, rather than just one aspect in a partial manner. Concomitant efforts including improvement of imaging instruments, de...
#1Irina Velikyan(Science for Life Laboratory)H-Index: 22
#1I. Velikyan(Science for Life Laboratory)H-Index: 1
The role of nuclear medicine in the management of oncological patients has expanded during last two decades. The number of radiopharmaceuticals contributing to the realization of theranostics/radiotheranostics in the context of personalized medicine is increasing. This review is focused on the examples of targeted (radio)pharmaceuticals for the imaging and therapy of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), prostate cancer, and breast cancer. These examples strongly demonstrate the tendency of nuclear m...
Molecular imaging (MI), used in its wider sense of biology at the molecular level, is a field that lies at the intersection of molecular biology and traditional medical imaging. As advances in medicine have exponentially expanded over the last few decades, so has our need to better understand the fundamental behaviour of living organisms in a non-invasive and timely manner. This commentary draws from topics the authors addressed in their presentations at the 2017 Royal Society Meeting ‘Challenge...
ABSTRACT In recent years, medical imaging with hybrid techniques has widely accepted and employed in clinical routine. PET/MRI offers significant advantages, including excellent contrast and resolution and reduced ionizing radiation, as compared to well-established PET/CT. Therefore, PET/MRI is a promising modality for oncologic imaging of some regions, such as brain, head and neck, liver and pelvis. This article set out to analyze clinical conditions that could benefit from PET/MRI imaging base...
#1Ayelet Erez(Weizmann Institute of Science)H-Index: 34
#2Ralph J. DeBerardinis(UTSW: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center)H-Index: 87
Inborn errors of metabolism are inherited monogenic disorders caused by mutations in genes encoding metabolic enzymes that can result in malignancy. This Opinion article discusses how studying these rare diseases might provide insight into how specific metabolic changes contribute to cancer initiation, development, diagnosis and treatment.
Introduction: Therapies acting on glial cells are being explored for new drug development for multiple sclerosis. Molecular imaging using positron-emission tomography (PET) could address relevant questions in early phase clinical trials.Areas covered: In this article, the authors critically review human PET methods that can be applied in specialised centres for imaging activated microglia and astrocytes and myelin.Expert opinion: Strengths of PET lie in the molecular selectivity, sensitivity and...
The worldwide utilization of Ga-68-radionuclide for the fundamental research and clinical applications is growing exponentially. A broad range of Ga-68-based imaging agents has been explored during recent years. The development of new clinically useful agents is encouraged by many factors; for example, increasing role of positron emission tomography (PET) in nuclear medicine, discovery of new biomarkers, accessibility of Ga-68, and establishment of PET radiopharmaceutical regulation and legislat...
: Positron emission tomography (PET) scans can now be acquired in unison with magnetic resonance (MR) scans as a single resource. This hybrid PET-MR solution combines the anatomic detail and functional data of MR scans with the biologic or physiological information offered by PET scans. This article describes aspects of implementing a PET-MR imaging program, including various technical and operational challenges, scheduling and workflow solutions, room construction and equipment, and finally cli...
Last. Weibo Cai(UW: University of Wisconsin-Madison)H-Index: 91
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Germanium-69 (69Ge, t½ = 39.05 h, 21% β+, Emax=1205 keV) is a novel positron emitting radionuclide whose potential is yet to be explored for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.[1] The adequately long half-life of 69Ge, makes it an ideal choice for immunoPET imaging using 69Ge-labeled antibodies. Also, the production route of this radioisotope is simple and cost-effective.[1] However, the major limitation in the use of this novel radioisotope is its complex coordination chemistry in aqueo...