Tamoxifen ameliorates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by modulation of estrogen receptor α-mediated transforming growth factor-β1/Smad signaling pathway

After insult to the kidney, a renal fibrotic process is initiated with sustained inflammation, fibroblast activation and accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Tamoxifen has been used as an anti-estrogen for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of tamoxifen on unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and its molecular mechanism.Renal...