Cellular entry of graphene nanosheets: the role of thickness, oxidation and surface adsorption

Coarse grained molecular dynamics simulations are conducted to study the interaction of graphene nanosheets with a lipid bilayer, focusing on the effects of graphene thicknesses (single/multi-layered graphene), oxidation and surface absorption by lipid molecules. The results show that a hydrophobic corner of graphene can pierce into the bilayer, while different oxidations of the nanosheets affect their final equilibrium configurations in the...