Determination of major ions in snow and ice cores by ion chromatography

The determination of major anions (Cl−, NO−3, SO2−4) and cations (Na+, NH+4, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+) in snow and ice cores by ion chromatography at trace level concentrations (ng/g) is presented. Total acidity (H+) was determined using an acid titration method in order to complete the ionic balance. Unique sampling techniques and sample preparation methods were developed to avoid contamination of the snow and ice...