Bioactivity-guided fractionation of apple peels was used to determine the chemical identity of bioactive constituents. Thirteen triterpenoids were isolated, and their chemical structures were identified. Antiproliferative activities of the triterpenoids against human HepG2 liver cancer cells, MCF-7 breast cancer cells, and Caco-2 colon cancer cells were evaluated. Most of the triterpenoids showed high potential anticancer activities against the three human cancer cell lines. Among the compounds isolated, 2α-hydroxyursolic acid, 2α-hydroxy-3β-{[(2E)-3-phenyl-1-oxo-2-propenyl]oxy}olean-12-en-28-oic acid, and 3β-trans-p-coumaroyloxy-2α-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid showed higher antiproliferative activity toward HepG2 cancer cells. Ursolic acid, 2α-hydroxyursolic acid, and 3β-trans-p-coumaroyloxy-2α-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid exhibited higher antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cancer cells. All triterpenoids tested showed antiproliferative activity against Caco-2 cancer cells, especially 2α-hydrox...
Evidence suggests that a diet high in fruits and vegetables may decrease the risk of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer, and phytochemicals including phenolics, flavonoids and carotenoids from fruits and vegetables may play a key role in reducing chronic disease risk. Apples are a widely consumed, rich source of phytochemicals, and epidemiological studies have linked the consumption of apples with reduced risk of some cancers, cardiovascular disease, asthma, and diabetes...
Three new alkaloids, 3(R)-benzoyloxy-2(R)-methyl-6(R)-( 11 '-oxododecyl)-piperidine (3), 5-hydroxy-2-methyl-6-(11'-oxododecyl)-pyridine (4) and 5-hydroxy-2-methyl-6-(11'-oxododecyl)-pyridine N-oxide (5), together with a known alkaloid, (-)-cassine (1), were isolated from the flowers of Senna spectabilis. A derivative, N,O-diacetylcassine (2), was semisynthesized. Their structures and stereochemistry were established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Cytotoxic activity and brine shrimp leth...
Consumption of fruits and vegetables has been associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. Phytochemicals, especially phenolics, in fruits and vegetables are suggested to be the major bioactive compounds for the health benefits. However, the phenolic contents and their antioxidant activities in fruits and vegetables were underestimated in the literature, because bound phenolics were not included. This study was designed to investigate the profiles o...
Flavonoids have been suggested to protect against chronic lung disease. We studied intake of catechins, flavonols, and flavones in relation to pulmonary function and COPD symptoms in 13,651 adults from three Dutch cities examined from 1994 to 1997. Dietary intake was estimated using a food frequency questionnaire, and flavonoid intake was calculated using specific food composition tables. Pulmonary function (FEV1) was determined by spirometry and COPD symptoms by questionnaire. Associations were...
#1Paul G. Jarvis(Edin.: University of Edinburgh)H-Index: 70
#2Sune Linder(SLU: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences)H-Index: 63
Understanding how the growth of trees at high latitudes in boreal forest is controlled is important for projections of global carbon sequestration and timber production in relation to climate change. Is stem growth of boreal forest trees constrained by the length of the growing season when stem cambial cells divide1, or by the length of the period when resources can be captured2? In both cases, the timing of the thaw in the spring is critical: neither cambial cell division nor uptake of nutrient...
Vitamin C is used as a dietary supplement because of its antioxidant activity, although a high dose (500 mg) may act as a pro-oxidant in the body1,2. Here we show that 100 g of fresh apples has an antioxidant activity equivalent to 1,500 mg of vitamin C, and that whole-apple extracts inhibit the growth of colon- and liver- cancer cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. Our results indicate that natural antioxidants from fresh fruit could be more effective than a dietary supplement.
Ten apple varieties, harvested at commercial maturity, were analysed, paying special attention to the level of phenolic compounds and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity. The results pointed to great quantitative differences in the composition of the apple varieties, and particularly in their phenolic contents. Their total polyphenol content ranged from 2.3 to 3.6 g/kg. Chlorogenic acid was the main phenolic compound found in the varieties studied, and its concentrations varied from 30 to 430 mg/k...
Background: To investigate the possible relationship between intake of flavonoids-powerful dietary antioxidants that may also inhibit P450 enzymes-and lung cancer risk, we conducted a population-based, case-control study in Hawaii. Methods: An in-person interview assessed smoking history and usual intake of 242 food items for 582 patients with incident lung cancer and 582 age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched control subjects. Subjects who donated a blood sample were genotyped for the P450 enzyme va...
Flavonoids are effective antioxidants and, in theory, may provide protection against cancer, although direct human evidence of this is scarce. The relation between the intake of antioxidant flavonoids and subsequent risk of cancer was studied among 9,959 Finnish men and women aged 15-99 years and initially cancer free. Food consumption was estimated by the dietary history method, covering the total habitual diet during the previous year. During a follow-up in 1967-1991, 997 cancer cases and 151 ...
Abstract Objective : To study the association between dietary intake of flavonoids and subsequent coronary mortality. Design : A cohort study based on data collected at the Finnish mobile clinic health examination survey from 1967-72 and followed up until 1992. Settings : 30 communities from different parts of Finland. Subjects : 5133 Finnish men and women aged 30-69 years and free from heart disease at baseline. Main outcome measure : Dietary intake of flavonoids, total mortality, and coronary ...
Apples Malus domestica, known as a rich source of triterpene acids, induced more variety and quantity of triterpene acids in response to herbivory or mechanical damage. There were three major induced compounds: pomaceic acid and euscaphic acid, both of which are known apple triterpene acids, and 2α,19α-dihydroxy-3-oxours-12-en-28-oic acid (named eriobotoric acid), which was first identified in apples. In this study, the three compounds' induction curves after damage, varietal differences in indu...
Abstract Discovering new medicinal sources from food wastes is a beneficial and valuable way instead of their disposal. Fruits and vegetables waste can be an inexpensive and readily available source of bioactive compounds to be used in pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this study is to highlight the in vitro antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activities of the total extracts of banana peels (Musa acuminate), carrot peels (Daucus carota) and golden berry husk (Physalis peruviana) besid...
Last. Huiyuan Gao(SPU: Shenyang Pharmaceutical University)H-Index: 12
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Abstract Our present and previous phytochemical investigations on Leptopus lolonum have resulted in the isolation of almost 30 phenylpropanoid-conjugated pentacyclic triterpenoids (PCPTs). During the continuous study on PCPTs, this kind of triterpenoid ester is considered as a natural product with low toxicity because of it’s widely distribution in natural plants and edible fruits including kiwi fruit, durian, jujube, pawpaw, apple and pear. In the present work, we report the isolation, structur...
The intestinal tract plays an essential role in protecting tissues from the invasion of external harmful substances due to impaired barrier function. Furthermore, it participates in immunomodulation by intestinal microorganisms, which is important in health. When the intestinal tract is destroyed, it can lose its protective function, resulting in multiple systemic complications. In severe cases, it may lead to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome...
Rhamnus alaternus, is a wild-growing shrub, belonging to the Rhamnaceae family. Widely distributed in the Mediterranean basin, R. alaternus is used in the usual medicine in numerous countries, mostly Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Spain, France, Italy, and Croatia. A large number of disorders—including dermatological complications, diabetes, hepatitis, and goiter problems—can be treated by the various parts of R. alaternus (i.e., roots, bark, berries, and leaves). Several bioactive compounds were is...
Overconsumption of fructose time dependently induces the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated whether ursolic acid (UA) intake by new-born rats would protect against fructose-induced NAFLD. One hundred and seven male and female Sprague Dawley rat pups were randomly grouped and gavaged (10 ml/kg body weight) with either 0.5% dimethylsulphoxide (vehicle control), 0.05% UA, 50% fructose mixed with UA (0.05%) or 50% fructose alone, from postnatal day 6 (P6) to P2...
#1Jae Sang Han(CBNU: Chungbuk National University)H-Index: 2
#2Jun Gu Kim(CBNU: Chungbuk National University)H-Index: 5
Last. Bang Yeon Hwang(CBNU: Chungbuk National University)H-Index: 37
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Abstract Three new ursane-type triterpenes (1-3) and twenty-one known triterpenoids (4-24) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the whole plants of Potentilla chinensis. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis of 1D and 2D NMR (HSQC, HMBC, COSY and ROESY) and HRESIMS data. The bioassay screening revealed the inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production of compounds 2, 5, 7, 9, 10, and 13-24 in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages.
Sex hormone-dependent cancers currently contribute to the high number of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The study and elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of these tumors was a double-edged sword, leading to the expansion and development of new treatment options, with the cost of triggering more aggressive, therapy resistant relapses. The interaction of androgen, estrogen and progesterone hormones with specific receptors (AR, ER, PR) has emerged as a key player in...
ABSTRACT Ethnopharmacological relevance The genus Sargentodoxa comprises only one species, Sargentodoxa cuneata (Oliv.) Rehd et al., widely distributed in the subtropical zone of China. The plant is extensively used in traditional medicine for treating arthritis, joint pains, amenorrhea, acute appendicitis and inflammatory intestinal obstruction. Pharmacological studies show anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, antimicrobial, and anti-sepsis activities. Aim of the review: This review aims ...