Regulation of Wound Healing by Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor after Vocal Fold Injury

Vocal fold (VF) scarring remains a therapeutic challenge. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) facilitates epithelial wound healing, and recently, growth factor therapy has been applied to promote tissue repair. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of GM-CSF on VF wound healing in vivo and in vitro.VF scarring was induced in New Zealand white rabbits by direct injury. Immediately thereafter, either GM-CSF or...