A novel linear triangular element of a three-dimensional displacement discontinuity method

Since only the boundary of the domain requires discretization, the boundary element method (BEM) is very efficient for the semi-infinite or infinite rock-related engineering problems, e.g., hydraulic fracturing in reservoir stimulation and rock cutting during excavation. A real fracture in the solid is usually of an arbitrary geometry in three dimensions, which usually requires a three-dimensional displacement discontinuity method (3D DDM) to...