Intensive care medicine

Type 2 diabetes

Endocrinology

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Pediatrics

Physics

Age of onset

Optics

Political science

Family medicine

Infectious disease (medical specialty)

Internal medicine

Type 1 diabetes

MEDLINE

Medicine

Observational study

Pandemic

Diabetes management

Disease

Incidence (geometry)

Diabetes mellitus

Pediatric Diabetes

Since the 2018 ISPAD guidelines on this topic, follow-up of large cohorts from around the globe have continued informing the current incidence and prevalence of co-morbidities and complications in young adults with youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D). This chapter focuses on the risk factors, diagnosis and presentation of youth-onset T2D, the initial and subsequent management of youth-onset T2D, and management of co-morbidities and complications. We include key updates from the observational phase of the multi-center Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) clinical trial, the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth (SEARCH) study and new data from the Restoring Insulin Secretion (RISE) study, a head-to-head comparison of youth onset vs adult-onset T2D. We also include an expanded section on risk factors associated with T2D, algorithms and tables for treatment, management, and assessment of co-morbidities and complications, and sections on recently approved pharmacologic therapies for the treatment of youth-onset T2D, social determinants of health, and settings of care given COVID-19 pandemic.

ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents