Nonprobability sampling

Marketing

Linguistics

Demography

Engineering

Philosophy

Ecology

Biology

Statistics

Environmental economics

Sustainability

Government (linguistics)

Biogas

Economics

Computer science

Structural equation modeling

Snowball sampling

Business

Waste management

Renewable energy

Mathematics

Population

Sociology

Software engineering

Software deployment

Machine learning

Electrical engineering

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

In a developing country such as Pakistan, adopting biogas technology is a complicated process. The government has taken several steps to address energy issues by increasing biogas facilities. This research seeks to identify the major barriers to the deployment of biogas plants. Respondents were selected using the snowball sampling method. As a result, 79 adopters of biogas plants participated. Utilizing a structured questionnaire, primary data were collected. Hypotheses were evaluated using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Study results demonstrate that all influencing factors are favorably associated with implementing biogas technology, minimizing energy crises, and achieving cost-cutting objectives. In addition, the findings show that properly reducing economic and governmental barriers, encourage farmers to use biogas plants productively and substantially. To build biogas facilities, the government should adopt an economic strategy, owner training, day-to-day operations, and professional technical assistance.

Modeling factors of biogas technology adoption: a roadmap towards environmental sustainability and green revolution