Internal medicine

Pathology

Disease

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Infectious disease (medical specialty)

Biology

Outbreak

Virology

Immunology

Immunity

2019-20 coronavirus outbreak

Mucosal immunity

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

Respiratory system

Mucous membrane of nose

Medicine

Immune system

Science Immunology

Given the poor ability of intramuscular mRNA COVID-19 vaccines to induce robust immunity in the respiratory mucosa, a push for a nasal vaccine strategy is needed.

Operation Nasal Vaccine—Lightning speed to counter COVID-19