Self-healing hydrogels

Physics

Geology

Meteorology

Organic chemistry

Process engineering

Solar still

Membrane

Salinity

Oceanography

Engineering

Chemistry

Materials science

Desalination

Brine

Solar desalination

Environmental science

Chemical engineering

Biochemistry

Evaporation

Environmental engineering

Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Interfacial solar vapor generation (SVG) is regarded as a promising and sustainable strategy for clean water production. While many materials have demonstrated excellent evaporation rates under one sun, it remains challenging to design solar evaporators without compromising SVG performance in high-salinity brines (≥10 wt %). Herein, polyzwitterionic hydrogels (PZHs) are proposed as a novel platform for high-salinity solar desalination. Taking advantage of the unique anti-polyelectrolyte effects, PZHs can trap salt ions from the brine water to form a more hydrated polymer network, leading to enhanced SVG performance. PZHs exhibit an exceptional solar evaporation rate of 4.14 kg m-2 h-1 in 10 wt % brine, which is ≈20 % higher than that in pure water. It is anticipated that salt-responsive PZHs may provide insights for the design of next-generation solar desalination systems.

Polyzwitterionic Hydrogels for Highly Efficient High Salinity Solar Desalination