Supply chain

Business

Active packaging

Process engineering

Mathematics

Food packaging

Epistemology

Packaging and labeling

Engineering

Marketing

Philosophy

Biochemical engineering

Chemistry

Geometry

Quality (philosophy)

Food products

Consumer awareness

Computer science

Food quality

Product (mathematics)

Food science

Environmental science

Food industry

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety

Intelligent food packaging system exhibits enhanced communication function by providing dynamic product information to various stakeholders (e.g., consumers, retailers, distributors) in the supply chain. One example of intelligent packaging involves the use of colorimetric indicators, which when subjected to external stimuli (e.g., moisture, gas/vapor, electromagnetic radiation, temperature), display discernable color changes that can be correlated with real‐time changes in product quality. This type of interactive packaging system allows continuous monitoring of product freshness during transportation, distribution, storage, and marketing phases. This review summarizes the colorimetric indicator technologies for intelligent packaging systems, emphasizing on the types of indicator dyes, preparation methods, applications in different food products, and future considerations. Both food and nonfood indicator materials integrated into various carriers (e.g., paper‐based substrates, polymer films, electrospun fibers, and nanoparticles) with material properties optimized for specific applications are discussed, targeting perishable products, such as fresh meat and fishery products. Colorimetric indicators can supplement the traditional “Best Before” date label by providing real‐time product quality information to the consumers and retailers, thereby not only ensuring product safety, but also promising in reducing food waste. Successful scale‐up of these intelligent packaging technologies to the industrial level must consider issues related to regulatory approval, consumer acceptance, cost‐effectiveness, and product compatibility.

A review on colorimetric indicators for monitoring product freshness in intelligent food packaging: Indicator dyes, preparation methods, and applications