Shot peening is often reported as being beneficial to stress corrosion cracking resistance; however, the increased surface roughness induced by shot peening may promote localized corrosion pitting. Here, AA 7075-T6 aluminum alloys were treated by different shot peening processes , and the surface characteristic , including refined microstructure, residual stress and surface roughness, were characterized, then its effect on localized corrosion pitting and stress crack propagation behavior were investigated. Compared with single shot peening, the microstructure refinement was not further enhanced by dual shot peening with adding a subsequent low intensity of micro-shot peening. The surface residual stress distribution become more uniform, and the average surface residual stress value was increased from −158 MPa to −175 MPa. The maximum residual stress was synchronously increased from −302 MPa to −319 MPa. Meanwhile, the surface roughness ( R a ) value was decreased from 4.05 μm to 2.05 μm. Compared with single shot peening, the degree of surface localized corrosion pitting was alleviated after dual shot peening due to its low surface roughness and more uniform compressive residual stress distribution. The depth of stress corrosion cracking for dual shot peening was decreased with a minimum value of 33 μm, which may be ascribed to the high maximum compressive residual stress at the subsurface. • Micro-shot peening has the lowest surface roughness and the most uniform residual stress distribution. • Dual shot peening further decreased surface roughness and improved the uniformity of compressive residual stress. • Dual shot peening process could further inhibited the propagation of the crack.