Nursing

Gene

Bendiocarb

Aedes aegypti

Epidemiological surveillance

Malaria

Engineering

Dengue fever

Ecology

Biology

Public health

Pesticide

Arbovirus

Dengue virus

Chikungunya

Virology

Yellow fever

Public health surveillance

Biochemistry

Vector (molecular biology)

Outbreak

Environmental health

Immunology

Larva

Geography

Aedes

Internal medicine

Zika virus

Deltamethrin

Epidemiology

Medicine

Transmission (telecommunications)

Virus

Mosquito control

Recombinant DNA

Electrical engineering

Emerging infectious diseases

Arbovirus epidemiology lacks efficient and timely surveillance systems with accurate outbreak alert signals. We devised a citywide integrated surveillance system combining entomologic, epidemiologic, and entomo-virologic data gathered during 2017-2020 in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil. We installed 3,476 adult mosquito traps across the city and inspected traps every 2 months. We compared 5 entomologic indices: traditional house and Breteau indices for larval surveys and trap positivity, adult density, and mosquitoes per inhabitant indices for adult trapping. We screened for dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses in live adult Aedes aegypti mosquitoes collected from traps. Indices based on adult mosquito sampling had higher outbreak predictive values than larval indices, and we were able to build choropleth maps of infestation levels <36 h after each round of trap inspection. Locating naturally infected vectors provides a timely support tool for local public health managers to prioritize areas for intervention response to prevent virus outbreaks.

Citywide Integrated <i>Aedes aegypti</i> Mosquito Surveillance as Early Warning System for Arbovirus Transmission, Brazil

Citywide Integrated Aedes aegypti Mosquito Surveillance as Early Warning System for Arbovirus Transmission, Brazil