This paper describes the experimental dataset of lithium-ion battery cells subjected to a typical electric vehicle discharge profile and periodically characterized through diagnostic tests. Data were collected at the Stanford Energy Control Laboratory, at Stanford University. The INR21700-M50T battery cells with graphite/silicon anode and Nickel-Manganese-Cobalt cathode were tested over a period of 23 months according to the Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) discharge driving profile and the Constant Current (CC)-Constant Voltage (CV) charging protocol designed at different charging rates - ranging from C/4 to 3C. Ten (10) cells are tested in a temperature-controlled environment (23 ∘ C). A periodic assessment of battery degradation during life testing is accomplished via Reference Performance Tests (RPTs) comprising of capacity, Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization (HPPC), and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) tests. The dataset allows for the characterization of battery aging under real-driving scenarios, enabling the development of models and management strategies in electric vehicle applications.