Engineering

Flank

Metallurgy

Materials science

Machinability

Anthropology

Lubrication

Tool wear

Mechanical engineering

Alloy

Cutting fluid

Abrasion (mechanical)

Sociology

Composite material

Tribology

Scanning electron microscope

Machining

Titanium alloy

Coolant

Tribology International

Cryogenic cooling has excellent cooling and poor lubrication, while minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) has vice versa. Therefore, eco-friendly hybrid lubri-coolants are getting attention nowadays to achieve sufficient cooling and lubrication for high-speed machining hard-to-cut materials. In this research, ethanol, Blaser oil, and hybrid ethanol-Blaser oil lubri-coolants with and without dry ice are compared regarding machinability performance measures i.e., tool flank wear. For in-depth analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Electron deposition Spectroscopy (EDS) line, point and ED-mapping was used to analyze workpiece chemical elemental deposition on tool flank edge. Experimental findings have shown that compared to dry conditions, the hybrid ethanol-ester oil-dry ice significantly improved the tool life up to 66%, ester oil for 57%, and ethanol for 43%, respectively. More important, SEM of flank wear has shown adhesion, micro-chipping, and abrasion as dominant wear phenomena, when face milling Ti-6Al-4 V under hybrid lubri-coolants.

Tool wear mechanisms and its influence on machining tribology of face milled titanium alloy under sustainable hybrid lubri-cooling