Electrical engineering

Offset (computer science)

Chopper

CMOS

DC bias

Instrumentation amplifier

Operational amplifier

Engineering

Voltage

Amplifier

Programming language

Electronic engineering

Computer science

Input offset voltage

Resistive touchscreen

IEEE Access

Resistive bridge sensors are used in many application areas to measure changes in physical parameters. To amplify the resistive changes from sensing elements with high precision, various offset contributors in the resistive bridge and amplifiers should be minimized. This study proposes a low-noise resistive bridge sensor analog front-end (AFE) using a chopper-stabilized multipath current feedback instrumentation amplifier (CFIA) and an automatic offset cancellation loop. The proposed circuit exploits a multipath chopper-stabilized architecture for obtaining low noise performance and wide bandwidth characteristics. This circuit can minimize the offsets in the bridge and the high frequency and low frequency amplifiers, while achieving high precision resistive signal acquisition. The high frequency path of the multipath amplifier uses the CFIA topology with class-AB output stage. The offset in the high frequency path is stabilized by the low frequency path amplifier with a high gain and low noise chopper amplifier. The up-modulated offset in the low frequency chopper amplifier path is reduced by the AC-coupled ripple reduction loop (RRL). An automatic offset calibration loop (AOCL) circuit was designed to calibrate the offset due to the bridge mismatch. The AOCL reduces the bridge offset using a successive approximation register (SAR)-based binary-search algorithm. The gain of the proposed circuit is adjustable from 15.56 dB to 44.14 dB. The AFE is implemented in a <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.18~ \boldsymbol {\mu } \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS process and draws <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$123~ \boldsymbol {\mu } \text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> current from a 3.3 V supply. The input referred noise and noise efficiency factor (NEF) are 14.6 nV/ <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol {\surd } $ </tex-math></inline-formula> Hz and 6.1, respectively.

Low-Noise Resistive Bridge Sensor Analog Front-End Using Chopper-Stabilized Multipath Current Feedback Instrumentation Amplifier and Automatic Offset Cancellation Loop