Quantum mechanics

Voltage

Engineering

Capacitance

Fabrication

Materials science

Embedded system

Power (physics)

Computer science

Filter (signal processing)

Capacitor

Supercapacitor

Alternative medicine

Physics

Nanotechnology

Mathematics

Wearable computer

Energy storage

Electronic engineering

Geometry

Medicine

Electrode

Ripple

Microfabrication

Line (geometry)

Computer vision

Electrical engineering

Pathology

eScience

Recently, micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) have undergone major development as next-generation micro-electrochemical energy storage devices for self-powered, integrated, and wearable systems, thanks to their excellent performance capability. In particular, their rapid frequency response characteristics make them potential candidates to replace conventional capacitors and function as alternating current (AC) line filters to rectify pulse energy or as current ripple filters in the kHz range. However, few papers have been published about the associated fundamental device components, architectures, and correct characterization of MSCs applied in filter applications. In addition, it is a huge challenge to achieve a balance between capacitance and frequency response, not yet to be overcome. This review comprehensively summarizes recent advances in MSCs for AC line-filtering, from fundamental mechanisms to appropriate characterization and emerging applications. Special attention is given to progress in microfabrication strategies, electrode materials, and electrolytes for high-frequency MSCs. We also present perspectives and insights into the development of MSCs in different frequency ranges for AC line-filtering applications.

Recent advances in micro-supercapacitors for AC line-filtering performance: From fundamental models to emerging applications