Presentation (obstetrics)

Visualization

Augmented reality

Surgery

Computer science

Virtual reality

Case presentation

Radiology

Modalities

Sociology

Artificial intelligence

Medicine

Medical education

Human–computer interaction

Social science

Multimedia

Frontiers in Pediatrics

For the past two decades, slide-based presentation has been the method of content delivery in medical education. In recent years, other teaching modalities involving three-dimensional (3D) visualization such as 3D printed anatomical models, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR) have been explored to augment the education experience. This review article will analyze the use of slide-based presentation, 3D printed anatomical models, AR, and VR technologies in medical education, including their benefits and limitations.

Role of Three-Dimensional Visualization Modalities in Medical Education