Defect engineering of nanostructures: Insights into photoelectrochemical water splitting

Developing highly efficient photoelectrodes with controllable defects to enhance the kinetics of the PEC process is generally regarded as the key to achieve reliable water splitting reaction. To make the defect effects explicit, the recent development of this concept is comprehensively reviewed here and the principle for the design of defect engineered photoelectrodes is proposed. Development of long-term and sustainable energy economy is one of...