Unveiling the knowledge structure of technological forecasting and social change (1969–2020) through an NMF-based hierarchical topic model

This article examines the knowledge structure of the journal Technology Forecasting and Social Change (TFSC) from its inception in 1969 until 2020. In this paper we argue that the structure of knowledge in the field of technological forecasting is more complex than a topic model – a bag of words – can in fact effectively reveal. Therefore we propose and demonstrate a hierarchical model that selectively combines topics at varying levels of...