Urea supply control in microbial carbonate precipitation to effectively fill pores of concrete

In cement-based cementitious materials, high-porosity areas tend to expand microcracks. To counter this problem, microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) was suggested to fill the pores. However, it is unclear how to control the supply of urea to increase the MICP efficiency of Bacillus sp. Therefore, in this study, the microbial growth rate, urease activity, and urea-to-carbonate conversion efficiency were determined under different...