Type 4 bell-shaped proportional damping model and energy dissipation for structures with inelastic and softening response

Several damping models were proposed to incorporate un-modeled damping when simulating seismic response of large-scale structures, but most did not provide parameter calibration against energy dissipation. This study addresses this problem by developing a new bell-shaped proportional damping model, allowing energy dissipation to be directly related to modal damping ratio. It also addresses the concerns of using proportional damping models with...