Damage evolution of 3D woven carbon/epoxy composites under the tension–compression fatigue loading based on multi damage information

The fatigue damage mechanisms of 3D woven composites are very complex. In this work the tension–compression (T-C) fatigue damage evolution of 3D woven composites is investigated using a multi-scale method. To avoid the buckling failure during the T-C fatigue tests, a novel anti-buckling device is designed. The authors combine the macro damage information (i.e., axial stiffness and surface temperature) and the meso-damage information (i.e.,...