Multi-Directional Fixed Crack Model Extended to Masonry Structures

The mechanical nonlinearity of a masonry structure depends on debonding and slip of masonry joints and the fracture of blocks like bricks and concrete. The present study proposes a behavioral simulation to idealize masonry joints by allocating three orthogonal planes, which are governed by the existing multi-directional crack model, and to represent the damage of blocks by using another three crack planes. The shear stiffness of the joint...