Physics

Internal medicine

Public health

Pathology

Sociology

Gallbladder cancer

Population

Obesity

Incidence (geometry)

Optics

Cancer

Demography

Ecological study

Overweight

Medicine

Environmental health

Cancer Letters

This study aimed to evaluate the global distribution, associated factors, and epidemiologic trends of gallbladder cancer (GBC) by country, sex, and age groups. The Global Cancer Observatory was interrogated for the disease burden of GBC using age-standardized rates (ASR). The prevalence of different potential risk factors for each country was extracted from Global Health Observatory and their associations with GBC incidence and mortality were examined by linear regression analysis using beta coefficients (β). The Cancer Incidence in Five Continents I-XI and the WHO Mortality database were searched and Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) was generated from joinpoint regression analysis. The incidence (ASR = 2.3) and mortality (ASR = 1.7) of GBC varied globally in 2018 and were higher in more developed countries and among females. Countries with higher incidence had higher human development index (β

Worldwide distribution, associated factors, and trends of gallbladder cancer: A global country-level analysis