Synergistic effect of photoanode and photocathode modified with oxygenated multi-walled carbon nanotubes in dye-sensitized solar cells

Oxygenated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (OMWNTs) were employed as additives in conventional TiO2-based photoanodes and platinum-free conducting polymer-based photocathodes. The OMWNTs were induced to form covalent bonds with TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and were successfully intercalated into a poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxy-thiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) network. Furthermore, a dye-sensitized TiO2-OMWNT-based photoanode and a...