Influence of Excavation Time, Tension Crack, and Rainfall on the Stability of Unsupported Vertical Cuts in Unsaturated Soil

This study focuses on the stability of unsupported vertical cuts in unsaturated soil. For this, a series of numerical analyses were carried out to estimate the stability of unsupported vertical cuts excavated in an unsaturated glacial till considering three possible practical scenarios: (1) excavation time, (2) depth and location of a tension crack, and (3) rainfall infiltration into a tension crack. The results showed that the influence of...