Cold sprayed superhydrophilic porous metallic coating for enhancing the critical heat flux of the pressurized water-cooled reactor vessel in nuclear power plants

In the nuclear power plants, external reactor vessel cooling (ERVC) by water is an effective strategy to ensure in-vessel retention (IVR) of the molten fuel in the pressurized water-cooled reactors (PWRs) to avoid the release of nuclear fission products under severe accidents. The effectiveness of IVR - ERVC, namely the heat taken away by the ERVC highly depends on the critical heat flux (CHF) of the outer wall of lower hemisphere the Reactor...