Open‐cell polyvinylidene fluoride foams as carriers to promote biofilm growth for biological wastewater treatment

This article reports the design and fabrication of open‐cell polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) foams as carriers that can promote biofilm growth and organic removal efficiency for biological wastewater treatment in attached growth bioreactors. Open‐cell PVDF foams were fabricated by a manufacturing approach that integrated compression molding and particulate leaching. PVDF carriers were structured with two governing factors of leaching agent types...