Experimental Impacts of Learning Trajectory–Oriented Formative Assessment on Student Problem-Solving Accuracy and Strategy Sophistication

In this article, we use a two-dimensional assessment to examine the experimental impacts of a mathematics learning trajectory–oriented formative assessment program on student strategies for problems involving multiplication and division. Working from the theory that the development of students’ multiplicative reasoning involves improvements in both problem-solving accuracy and sophistication of strategies used to solve problems, we designed an...