Printability improvement of rice starch gel via catechin and procyanidin in hot extrusion 3D printing

In this study, catechin (CC) and procyanidin (PC) were introduced into rice starch gels to improve the printability of starch-based materials in hot-extrusion 3D printing (HE-3DP). Our results revealed that the composite starch gels had higher relative crystalline, compactness and inhomogeneity as the polyphenol concentration increased, outperforming the rice starch gel. The rheological results further indicated an enhanced printability based on...