All-aqueous-processed Silk Fibroin/Chondroitin Sulfate Scaffolds

Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a naturally derived bioactive macromolecule and has been used to improve the performance of silk fibroin (SF) biomaterials for soft tissue regeneration. However, it is still a challenge to use a chemical-free method to prepare water-insoluble SF/CS scaffolds. Here, a novel all-aqueous process was developed to prepare SF/CS scaffolds with controlled properties. Freezing-annealing treatment was used to induce silk I...