Effects of Gouge Fill on Elastic Wave Propagation in Equivalent Continuum Jointed Rock Mass

The presence of gouge in rock joints significantly affects the physical and mechanical properties of the host rock mass. Wave-based exploration techniques have been widely used to investigate the effects of gouge fill on rock mass properties. Previous research on wave propagation in gouge-filled joints focused on analytical and theoretical methods. The lack of experimental methods for multiple rock joint systems, however, has limited the...