Extraction of lithium from Chinese salt-lake brines by membranes: Design and practice

Interests on lithium extraction from the Chinese salt-lake brines have regained momentum due to the growing demand of lithium for application in electric vehicles. Characterized by a high Mg2+/Li+ ratio (MLR), the Chinese salt-lake brine has troubled scientists and engineers for decades. Recent progress has shown significant advantages of membrane technologies. This review summarizes the membrane technologies utilized for lithium extraction,...