Origin of surface ridging in Ti-6Al-4V sheets produced by pack rolling and its effect on microstructural and mechanical properties

Pack rolling is an effective process for manufacturing Ti-6Al-4V products, especially thin sheets; however, it tends to cause surface defects. Surface ridging is the most significant surface defect produced during the pack rolling of thin sheets. Hence, in this study, the effects of pack-rolling conditions on the origin of surface ridging on Ti–6Al–4V alloy surfaces were investigated using experimental and numerical techniques. Pack rolling was...