Dual-hazard control mechanism of burst-prone and spontaneous combustion coalface considering effect of retreat speed

For longwall top coal caving coalface characterized by strong rock burst tendency and high risk of spontaneous combustion, retreat speed is one of the key factors to induce the rock burst and spontaneous combustion of residual coal in goaf. A high retreat speed may lead to violent roof activity and impact dynamic load, which aggravates the tendency of rock burst. A low retreat speed may lead to spontaneous combustion of residual coal in goaf due...