Pathology

Sociology

Twin study

Young adult

Adolescent development

Clinical psychology

Biology

Psychiatry

Demography

Developmental psychology

Psychology

Heritability

Cannabis

Longitudinal study

Early adulthood

Longitudinal data

Genetics

Medicine

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Observational studies have linked cannabis use to an array of negative outcomes, including psychiatric symptoms, cognitive impairment, and educational and occupational underachievement. These associations are particularly strong when cannabis use occurs in adolescence. Nevertheless, causality remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was thus to examine associations between prospectively assessed adolescent cannabis use and young-adult outcomes (psychiatric, cognitive, and socioeconomic) in three longitudinal studies of twins (

Associations between adolescent cannabis use and young-adult functioning in three longitudinal twin studies