Last. Robb Willer(SU: Stanford University)H-Index: 35
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Containing the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States requires mobilizing a large majority of the mass public to vaccinate, but many Americans are hesitant or opposed to vaccination. A significant predictor of vaccine attitudes in the United States is religiosity, with more-religious individuals expressing more distrust in science and being less likely to get vaccinated. Here, we test whether explicit cues of common religious identity can help medical experts build trust and increase vaccination...
Correction for “Scaling confirmation of the thermodynamic dislocation theory,” by J. S. Langer and K. C. Le, which was first published November 9, 2020; 10.1073/pnas.2018647117 (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 117, 29431-29434). The authors note that the affiliation for K. C. Le should instead appear as two separate affiliations: Materials Mechanics Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 729000, Vietnam; and Faculty of Civil Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh Ci...
Last. W. Chris Funk(CSU: Colorado State University)H-Index: 30
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The unprecedented rate of extinction calls for efficient use of genetics to help conserve biodiversity. Several recent genomic and simulation-based studies have argued that the field of conservation biology has placed too much focus on the conservation of genome-wide genetic variation, and that this approach should be replaced with another that focuses instead on managing the subset of functional genetic variation that is thought to affect fitness. Here, we critically evaluate the feasibility an...
#2Rolf Grieseler(PUCP: Pontifical Catholic University of Peru)H-Index: 11
Last. W. Viveen(PUCP: Pontifical Catholic University of Peru)H-Index: 10
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Adobe bricks, or mud bricks, are construction elements which have defined major architectural traditions in the Andes over thousands of years. From Moche pyramids and the ancient city of Chan Chan in pre-Hispanic times, to Spanish casonas of the colonial period and rural houses in contemporary South America, adobe has been a central component in Andean architecture. Discovery of the remains of an early monumental building constructed primarily of adobes at Los Morteros (lower Chao Valley, north ...
#2Guoliang Zhu(CAS: Chinese Academy of Sciences)H-Index: 2
Last. Xiangxi Wang(CAS: Chinese Academy of Sciences)H-Index: 26
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The spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mediates membrane fusion to allow entry of the viral genome into host cells. To understand its detailed entry mechanism and develop a specific entry inhibitor, in situ structural information on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in different states is urgent. Here, by using cryo-electron tomography, we observed both prefusion and postfusion spikes in beta-propiolactone-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virions and solved the in sit...
Last. Jeanne Sauber(GSFC: Goddard Space Flight Center)H-Index: 23
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The overall size and timing of monsoon floods in Bangladesh are challenging to measure. The inundated area is extensive in low-lying Bangladesh, and observations of water storage are key to understanding floods. Laser-ranging instruments on Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) Follow-On spacecraft detected the peak water storage anomaly of 75 gigatons across Bangladesh in late July 2020. This is in addition to, and three times larger than, the maximum storage anomaly in soil layers du...
#1HyeonJoo Cheon(Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute)H-Index: 10
#2Elise Holvey-Bates(Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute)H-Index: 4
Last. George R. Stark(Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute)H-Index: 33
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Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), an immune-checkpoint protein expressed on cancer cells, also functions independently of the immune system. We found that PD-L1 inhibits the killing of cancer cells in response to DNA damage in an immune-independent manner by suppressing their acute response to type I interferon (IFN; IFN-I). In addition, PD-L1 plays a critical role in sustaining high levels of constitutive expression in cancer cells of a subset of IFN-induced genes, the IFN-related DNA damage r...
#1Adrien Chauvier(UM: University of Michigan–Ann Arbor)H-Index: 3
#2Pujan Ajmera(UM: University of Michigan–Ann Arbor)H-Index: 1
Last. Nils G. Walter(UM: University of Michigan–Ann Arbor)H-Index: 63
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Cotranscriptional RNA folding is widely assumed to influence the timely control of gene expression, but our understanding remains limited. In bacteria, the fluoride (F−)-sensing riboswitch is a transcriptional control element essential to defend against toxic F− levels. Using this model riboswitch, we find that its ligand F− and essential bacterial transcription factor NusA compete to bind the cotranscriptionally folding RNA, opposing each other’s modulation of downstream pausing and termination...
Visualization of three-dimensional (3D) morphological changes in the subcellular structures of a biological specimen is a major challenge in life science. Here, we present an integrated chip-based optical nanoscopy combined with quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) to obtain 3D morphology of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC). LSEC have unique morphology with small nanopores (50-300 nm in diameter) in the plasma membrane, called fenestrations. The fenestrations are grouped in discrete clus...
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