Cholangio‐venous reflux of biliary contents through paracellular pathways between hepatocytes in patients with acute cholangitis

We re-analyzed data on cholangio-venous reflux from a clinical study conducted prospectively on 22 patients in 1974.Direct cholangiography was performed with indocyanine green (ICG) mixed into UrographinR under monitoring of intrabiliary pressure, and the participants were allocated to three groups according to whether ICG leakage into the blood, signs of infection, or both, were present.The intrabiliary pressure of six patients negative for...