Diagnostic Reference Levels for Common Orthopedic Hand and Wrist Procedures Using Intraoperative Mini C-arm Fluoroscopy

Background: Diagnostic reference levels are radiation dose levels in medical radiodiagnostic practices for typical examinations for groups of standard-sized individuals for broadly defined types of equipment. This study aimed to contribute to national diagnostic reference levels for common hand and wrist procedures using mini C-arm fluoroscopy. Small joint and digital fracture procedure diagnostic reference levels have not been reported in...