Botulinum toxin for the management of depression: An updated review of the evidence and meta-analysis

Botulinum toxin (BTX) treatment of glabellar frown lines is one of the most common procedures in aesthetic medicine. In addition to its cosmetic effect, the neurotoxin has been shown to have a positive influence on mood and affect. Several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have examined the effect of botulinum toxin on the treatment of depression. Combining the results of the five RCTs in a random effects meta-analysis revealed that patients...