Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)-based canopy height modeling under leaf-on and leaf-off conditions for determining tree height and crown diameter (case study: Hyrcanian mixed forest)

Tree height and crown diameter are two common individual tree attributes that can be estimated from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images thanks to photogrammetry and structure from motion. This research investigates the potential of low-cost UAV aerial images to estimate tree height and crown diameter. Two successful flights were carried out in two different seasons corresponding to leaf-off and leaf-on conditions to generate a digital terrain...