Chemistry

Materials science

Methane

Composite number

Engineering

Composite material

Selectivity

Alkane

Nanotechnology

Organic chemistry

Hydrocarbon

Catalysis

Graphene

Carbon dioxide

Adsorption

Selective adsorption

Ethylene

Carbon fibers

Metal-organic framework

Acetylene

Chemical engineering

Porosity

Propane

Nature Communications

Efficient and sustainable methods for carbon dioxide capture are highly sought after. Mature technologies involve chemical reactions that absorb CO 2, but they have many drawbacks. Energy-efficient alternatives may be realised by porous physisorbents with void spaces that are complementary in size and electrostatic potential to molecular CO 2 . Here, we present a robust, recyclable and inexpensive adsorbent termed MUF-16. This metal-organic framework captures CO 2 with a high affinity in its one-dimensional channels, as determined by adsorption isotherms, X-ray crystallography and density-functional theory calculations. Its low affinity for other competing gases delivers high selectivity for the adsorption of CO 2 over methane, acetylene, ethylene, ethane, propylene and propane. For equimolar mixtures of CO 2 /CH 4 and CO 2 /C 2 H 2 , the selectivity is 6690 and 510, respectively. Breakthrough gas separations under dynamic conditions benefit from short time lags in the elution of the weakly-adsorbed component to deliver high-purity hydrocarbon products, including pure methane and acetylene.

Selective capture of carbon dioxide from hydrocarbons using a metal-organic framework