Heart failure is the terminal outcome of the majority of cardiovascular diseases, which lacks specific diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. It contributes to most of cardiovascular hospitalizations and death despite of the current therapy. Therefore, it is important to explore potential molecules improving the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that have been reported to be involved in regulating processes of heart failure. After the discovery of miRNAs in exosomes, the subcellular distribution analysis of miRNAs is raising researchers' attention. Growing evidence demonstrates that exosomal miRNAs may be promising diagnostic and therapeutic molecules for heart failure. This review summarizes the role of exosomal miRNAs in heart failure in the prospect of molecular and clinical researches.
Abstract Sepsis is characterized as an uncontrolled host response to infection, and represents a serious health challenge, causing excess mortality and morbidity worldwide. The discovery of sepsis-related epigenetic and molecular mechanisms could result in improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, leading to a reduced overall risk for affected patients. Accumulating data shows that microRNAs, non-coding RNAs and exosomes could all be considered as novel diagnostic markers for sepsis patien...
Last. Hamed Mirzaei(KAUMS: Kashan University of Medical Sciences)H-Index: 59
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Abstract Chronic lung disease has become a leading cause of death in recent years. Despite several attempts to discover and develop new therapeutic approaches, patients often suffer a poor quality of life, and are faced with an increased risk of developing lung cancer. Lung cancer often occurs as an end-stage after years of chronic lung disease. An increased understanding of the pathophysiology of chronic lung disease may be obtained from studying the role of autophagy in its initiation and prog...
Malignant gliomas are the most common and deadly type of central nervous system tumors. Despite some advances in treatment, the mean survival time remains only about 1.25 years. Even after surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, gliomas still have a poor prognosis. Exosomes are the most common type of extracellular vesicles with a size range of 30 to 100 nm, and can act as carriers of proteins, RNAs, and other bioactive molecules. Exosomes play a key role in tumorigenesis and resistance to chemo...
Autophagy has a crucial role in many cancers, including brain tumors. Several types of endogenous molecules (e.g. microRNAs, AKT, PTEN, p53, EGFR, and NF1) can modulate the process of autophagy. Recently miRNAs (small non-coding RNAs) have been found to play a vital role in the regulation of different cellular and molecular processes, such as autophagy. Deregulation of these molecules is associated with the development and progression of different pathological conditions, including brain tumors....
#1Shichao Li(Capital Medical University)H-Index: 3
#2Yuanfeng Gao(Capital Medical University)H-Index: 2
Last. Xinchun Yang(Capital Medical University)H-Index: 18
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OBJECTIVE: Atrial fibrosis plays a critical role in atrial fibrillation (AF). A key event in the pathogenesis of fibrosis is the activation of fibroblasts (FBs) into myofibroblasts (MFBs). Paracrine factors released from MFBs lead to ion channel expression changes in cardiomyocytes (CMs). Downregulation of L-type calcium channel Cav1.2 expression is a hallmark of AF-associated ionic remodeling. However, whether exosome (Exo)-mediated crosstalk between MFBs and CMs regulates Cav1.2 expression rem...
#1Shaojun Liu(Guangzhou Medical University)H-Index: 4
#2Chen Jing(Guangzhou Medical University)H-Index: 1
Last. Shiming Liu(Guangzhou Medical University)H-Index: 17
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The roles and the underlying mechanisms of M1-type macrophages in angiogenesis and postmyocardial infarction (MI) cardiac repair have remained unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of M1-like macrophage-derived exosomes in a MI microenvironment. We found that the proinflammatory M1-like-type macrophages released an extensive array of proinflammatory exosomes (M1-Exos) after MI. M1-Exos exerted an anti-angiogenic effect and accelerated MI injury. They also exhibited highly expressed pr...
Exosomes are secreted nanovesicles that are able to transfer their cargo (such as miRNAs) between cells. To determine to what extent exosomes and exosomal miRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis, progression and diagnosis of viral infections. The scientific literature (PubMed and Google Scholar) was searched from 1970 to 2019. The complex biogenesis of exosomes and miRNAs was reviewed. Exosomes contain both viral and host miRNAs that can be used as diagnostic biomarkers for viral diseases. Viral...
: Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer death in women. The most important risk factor for the development of CC is cervical infection with human papilloma virus (HPV). Inflammation is a protective strategy that is triggered by the host against pathogens such as viral infections that acts rapidly to activate the innate immune response. Inflammation is beneficial if it is brief and well controlled; however, if the inflammation is excessive or it becomes of chronic duratio...
#2Ze-Mu Wang(Nanjing Medical University)H-Index: 15
Last. Bi-Cheng Liu(SEU: Southeast University)H-Index: 33
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Summary miR-155 was synthesized and loaded into exosomes in increased infiltration of macrophages in a uremic heart. The released exosomal fusion with the plasma membrane leads to the release of miR-155 into the cytosol and translational repression of forkhead transcription factors of the O class (FoxO3a) in cardiomyocytes. Finally, macrophage-derived miR-155–containing exosomes promoted cardiomyocyte pyroptosis and uremic cardiomyopathy changes (cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis) by directly tar...
AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in various pathological processes like atrial fibrillation (AF), which is a common cardiac arrhythmia. Exosomes are essential information carrier in the i...
Background: Perioperative hypersensitivity reaction (HR) is an IgE-FceRI-mediated hypersensitivity reaction with degranulation and activation of mast cells and basophils. However, it is challenging to isolate sufficiently pure mast cells and basophils from human sources to investigate. In the present study, we investigated EVs pelleted from serum in patients with succinylated gelatin induced HR. Methods: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were obtained from serum of HR patients using a total exosome i...
Last. Gianluca Testa(UNIMOL: University of Molise)H-Index: 25
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Abstract Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by typical symptoms and signs caused by a structural and/or functional cardiac abnormality, resulting in a reduced cardiac output and/or elevated intracardiac pressures at rest or during stress. Due to increasing incidence, prevalence and, most importantly mortality, HF is a healthcare burden worldwide, despite the improvement of treatment options and effectiveness. Acute and chronic cardiac injuries trigger the activation of neuro...
#1Flora Brozzi(UNIL: University of Lausanne)H-Index: 2
#2Romano Regazzi(UNIL: University of Lausanne)H-Index: 63
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) constitute a large class of non-coding RNAs characterized by a covalently closed circular structure. They originate during mRNA maturation through a modification of the splicing process and, according to the included sequences, are classified as Exonic, Intronic, or Exonic-Intronic. CircRNAs can act by sequestering microRNAs, by regulating the activity of specific proteins, and/or by being translated in functional peptides. There is emerging evidence indicating that dysr...
